Recovery despite noise pollution
Urban green spaces not only have a relaxing effect in the short term, but also reduce the physical and mental stress of the urban population in the long term. A decisive factor for the future of healthy cities.
Cities are growing, noise levels are rising and natural recreational areas are shrinking at the same time. A comprehensive study by Empa and the Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research has now shown for the first time in Switzerland how crucial green environments are for coping with stress in noisy cities. Physical and mental recovery processes are significantly promoted by access to green spaces, and this effect can even be measured in the long term.
Virtual realities prove real effect
In Empa’s Auralab, test subjects were immersed in various environments using virtual reality, from quiet urban landscapes to near-natural scenarios. After a targeted stress phase, triggered by cognitive tasks under traffic noise, a clear trend emerged. Natural soundscapes such as forests or lakes reduced physiological stress more than urban settings. Sweat production on the fingers and cortisol concentrations in saliva clearly demonstrated the effect on the body.
Long-term study confirms sustainable recovery
The findings from the laboratory were also confirmed in field research. A study with over 230 participants in Zurich showed that green spaces in the neighborhood reduce chronic stress levels. Hair samples showed a lower concentration of the stress hormone cortisol in people living in green and quieter environments. Even moderately greened urban spaces can therefore make a significant contribution to long-term stress management.
Guide to healthy cities of the future
The RESTORE project (“Restorative green spaces in noise-polluted areas”) summarizes the results of the four sub-studies and provides an important basis for policy, urban planning and health protection. In particular, the findings should influence the further development of Swiss noise legislation as well as spatial and environmental planning. At a time when three quarters of the European urban population is affected by noise pollution, the integration of green spaces opens up new perspectives for a resilient, liveable urban future.