Densification displaces fewer tenants in Geneva than in Zurich
Building densification is displacing fewer low-income households in French-speaking Switzerland than in German-speaking Switzerland. These are the findings of a study conducted by the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich for the Federal Office for Housing.
Researchers at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich(ETH) have analysed the impact of building densification on the composition of the population on behalf of the Federal Office for Housing(FHO), according to a press release. The study “Building activity and displacement” shows that the effects differ significantly in the five largest agglomerations.
Geneva, Lausanne and Bern have a higher level of residential construction activity than Zurich, but are densifying more effectively. Between 2020 and 2023, 1.6 to twice as many flats were built there for every flat demolished than in Zurich. In the Zurich conurbation, 5.4 times as many replacement new-builds were also constructed than buildings were added to, while in Geneva, Basel and Bern, twice as many buildings were added to as replacement new-builds were constructed.
The average room size of replacement new builds in German-speaking Switzerland is also 25 per cent larger than in demolished flats. In French-speaking Switzerland, flats were only 6 to 8 per cent larger. Building densification thus leads to a higher increase in utilisation density in French-speaking Switzerland than in German-speaking Switzerland.
Despite the higher density in French-speaking Switzerland, a total of 1.02 per cent of the total population (14,373 people) in the Zurich agglomeration were affected by displacement due to house demolitions or total renovation between 2015 and 2020. Relative to the total population, this is twelve times more than the 467 people affected in the Geneva agglomeration (0.08 per cent). The study also shows that displaced households had a median income that was 30.5 to 39.6 per cent lower than the population as a whole. According to the BWO press release, this means that it is precisely those who have difficulty finding a new affordable home who are affected by displacement.