Digital twin makes the invisible visible
ETH Zurich is taking heritage conservation into a new era with AI and extended reality (XR). Its "Heritage" project is turning Notre-Dame Cathedral in Lausanne into a model for sustainable restoration, data-based damage analysis and interdisciplinary collaboration.
At the heart of the project is a digital co-pilot that acts as an intelligent assistant and supports restoration decisions. Laser scans and photogrammetric images are used to create a precise 3D twin of the cathedral, supplemented by detailed data on each stone. Age, material composition and condition are scientifically documented
At the same time, the mechanical loads in the building are simulated using methods such as Thrust Network Analysis. Damage is not only visible, but also localized in space and its development can be traced. The XR technologies show restorers, engineers and architects interactive holograms directly on the original building
Climate as a challenge
The ETH Zurich team correlates local weather extremes such as wind-driven rain with the real damage patterns on the sandstones. Sensors measure humidity and microclimate; the data obtained flows into models that predict future developments in the event of increasing climate change. This results in strategies for the long-term preservation of the building fabric, adapted to the individual climatic stresses at the location
New standards for buildings worldwide
The “Heritage ” project is a role model for digitalization in heritage conservation. The combination of digital twin, XR and AI is transferable to bridges, castles and other historic buildings. The public app for the anniversary of the cathedral communicates restoration work to visitors in a transparent and participatory way. Monument conservation not only becomes more efficient, but can be experienced by everyone.